The author aims at answering the question: “What activities do the authorities undertake to manage the multiculturalism of the city-state which is situated at the intersection of three cultural spheres (the Chinese, Indian and Islamic) and which constitutes a unique mosaic of religions, denominations, beliefs, ideologies, ethnic and language groups? To what extent do the undertakings of state authorities affect social behaviour of citizens and their mentality?”. Using the document analysis (especially of legal acts), the author discusses: demographical issues, with special regard to the policy of positive discrimination towards autochthonous population of Singapore – Malayans; religious pluralism and secularity of the state which promotes religious harmony; some examples of reactions of the society and officials to the attitudes and statements posing threat to religious harmony; the linguistic policy called multilingualism (with special focus on the role of Singlish – the language which is becoming an attribute of the Singapore identity); the values which school implants in learners so that they could live together and build inclusive society. The author concludes that – in the conditions of Singapore – multiculturalism is becoming a socially functional phenomenon, which enhances the construction of inclusive society and its successful economic, social and cultural development. In the face of the European crisis of multiculturalism, the author encourages researchers to pay more attention to the positive experiences of the countries which do not belong to the European cultural circles.

The article is devoted to the state regulation of the processes of modeling of the development of the coal industry of Ukraine in the context of structural transformations of the national economy. An important task of modern science of public administration is to provide systematic methods of substantiation of public administration decisions to determine the vector of development of society as a whole and individual sectors of the national economy, which actualizes the formation of a model of justification of coal industry development strategy. It is proved that the effectiveness of the organizational mechanism of state regulation is ensured through a transparent system of control over changes in the technical and economic parameters of the coal industry of Ukraine. The author proposes the formation of an appropriate tool for programming effective change within a certain cyclical nature of the industry. Systematized information on strategies relevant to planning of the development of the coal industry and the mining sector as a whole. Analytically interpreted information of the optimal plan by the method of dynamic programming using recurrent Bellman equations is presented. The optimal plan of tactical actions at formation of strategy of development of the coal industry in a cycle of a mining and industrial complex is defined. The comparison of the optimal plan with possible alternative actions of the management staffof the coal industry is carried out. The perspective plan of tactical actions through priority use of projects of the maximum profitability at formation of strategy of development of the coal industry in a cycle of a mining and industrial complex is presented. The plan of tactical actions through priority support of projects of preservation of a current condition at formation of strategy of development of the coal industry in a cycle of a mining and industrial complex is presented. The optimal plan of tactical actions in forming the strategy of coal industry development in the cycle of mining complex with good initial state of resource potential, with probable highest level of initial state of resource potential, with unsatisfactory initial state of resource potential is presented. It is proved that the current critical state of the resource base of coal mining provokes the emergence of natural irrational behavior in Ukraine, when the crisis focuses only on economic benefits without proper management of resource potential, which emphasizes the importance of public administration in resource management in crisis development programs of the coal industry. The developed methodology provides the best solution to the two-criteria problem of public administration of the coal industry: the implementation of public administration functions, including economic, and providing conditions for sustainable efficient resource use.

This article aims to describe the cultural model of disability. In contrast to the social model of disability, which is strongly coherent, the cultural model of disability has not yet been specified, despite ongoing discussions on cultural determinants of understanding disability. In the first part of the article, the origins and essence of the cultural model are presented. Next, the four main assumptions underlying the model are characterised: 1) people perceive reality through the prism of their culture and experience acquired with it, 2) disability can have different meanings depending on what kind of discourse constitutes its meaning, 3) disability does not mean a feature of an individual, but a category of human differentiation, which can be embodied and thus materialised, 4) instead of just “looking” at people with disabilities and asking what problems they are struggling with, and what support from the society they need, the current perspective should be broadened and include the entire society and its culture. The final part of the article highlights the most important advantages of the cultural model of disability.

Model of participatory budget in Poland: an attempt to organize theoretical issues

The term of a ‘model/models’ of the civic (participatory) budget (CB) has not been discussed more widely in the Polish literature so far. There are also no publications comparing the existing typologies or classifications. In the article, the author presents what the civic budget model is and its definition in political science research. Various approaches are presented based on both Polish and English-language literature on the subject. The main aim of the article is to propose a model of civic budget in Poland. For this purpose, the author presents practical solutions of the Polish CB and, on this basis, distinguishes between general models (based on the scale of the entire state) and specific models (based on the solutions in local government units). The author also presents the components of these general and specific models.

The article is an attempt to characterize the methodology of multidisciplinary empirical research, designed and implemented within technical, exact, natural, social, and humanistic sciences. Three paradigms have been characterized: Education 4.0, Industry 4.0, and Society 5.0. The author’s attention was drawn to the need for a clear formulation of detailed concepts as well as their content and context. The types of possible empirical research and the methods and techniques used in them were presented, attention was also drawn to the importance of the model used in the research. It was considered necessary to disseminate methodological knowledge for the reliable execution of empirical research, allowing for its repeatability, verification, and evaluation.

The article is devoted to lingua-cognitive models of metonymy in English and Azerbaijani literary texts. First, metonymy and metonymic models were reported. Speaking about metonymic models, we turned to the concepts of J. Lakov, R. Jacobson, J. Raden, Z. Kovaks, E. Paducheva, etc., and analyses were carried out on their basis. The works of such prominent writers as T. Dreiser, F. Karimzadeh, V. Scott, and V. Somerset were used as factual material. From the conducted typological studies, it is concluded that metonymic models in English and Azerbaijani are similar and universal. The scientific results of linguistic research have played an important role in studying this problem in a psychological, philosophical and social context. It turned out that the ancient variants of meaning transfers arose based on abstraction and generalisation of meaning that arose in the minds of primitive people. Their formation as a model of consciousness occurred in developing people’s life experiences from simple to complex. The appearance of elements of logical cognition in primitive people was an incentive for the formation of more advanced models of consciousness.