- Author:
Petr Vorel
- E-mail:
Petr.Vorel@upce.cz
- Institution:
Ústav historických věd Fakulty filozofické Univerzity Pardubice
- Year of publication:
2018
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
46-63
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/hso180303
- PDF:
hso/18/hso1803.pdf
- License:
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative
Commons Attribution license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
The article deals with the consequences of a political agreement between King Ferdinand I and a part of the Bohemian opposition nobility, concluded in 1547 in order to restore stability following the Schmalkaldic War (1546–1547). The change in the tax system put Bohemian royal cities and owners of large estates at a considerable disadvantage while profits from manor farming and financial services remained virtually untaxed. This tax structure, applied for several decades, resulted in a rapid increase of debts and the ultimate collapse of the entire tax system in 1615. The resulting financial crisis was resolved by the Bohemian Landtag in 1615 by declaring bankruptcy of the treasury and taking over tax collection.
- Author:
Tetiana Davchenco
- E-mail:
Akhtyrska.n@gmail.com
- Institution:
Judge of the Economic Court of the Nikolaev region
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3883-3123
- Year of publication:
2021
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
17-27
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/ksm20210102
- PDF:
ksm/29/ksm2902.pdf
Investigations of economic crimes require the development of new methods, due to the rapid development of economic relations, the international corporation, the use of digital payment instruments, increased competition and the presence of corruption. The low level of crime detection and the absence of convictions indicate the expediency of amending the current procedural legislation to determine jurisdiction, empowering law enforcement agencies to conduct covert investigative (search) actions, to appoint examinations before criminal proceedings; define in substantive law the concept of economic crimes. In Ukraine, reforms in the criminal justice system, law enforcement and the judiciary have not yielded the expected results. Established law enforcement agencies often duplicate the powers of others, which creates a risk of corruption and hinders the effective collection of evidence in criminal proceedings. Professional training of investigators who are working on investigating of economic crimes requires a high level of legal and economic awareness. The use of special knowledge (involvement of specialists, appointment of expertise) needs to be reviewed, as investigators are deprived of the right to interrogate an expert. Dynamic changes in the legislation have negatively affected the activities of law enforcement agencies, which have been temporarily deprived of selfappointment. These powers rested with the investigating judge and the court. The protection of the economy requires the strengthening of law enforcement agencies on the methods of detecting criminal encroachments on the economic base of the state.
- Author:
Mateusz Ziółkowski
- Institution:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Université de Strasbourg
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5255-1053
- Year of publication:
2024
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
51-70
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/sdhw.2024.03
- PDF:
sdhw/24/sdhw2403.pdf
Nervus belli creditum? Or, the dynamics of the Franco-Spanish peace process of 1554-1559. General reflections
The article addresses the dynamics of the peace process between the kingdoms of France and Spain between 1554 and 1559, that is, during the last phase of the Italian Wars. The reflections revolve around the characteristics of its course with particular reference to the impact of the economic situation of both countries, including their loans. The author considers whether credit really deserve special mention in the context of establishing the factors that influenced the dynamics of the Franco-Spanish peace process and led to the signing of the final peace treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis in 1559.