- Author:
Katarzyna Gruszko
- Institution:
Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6700-5696
- Author:
Tomasz Gajewski
- Institution:
Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1556-1591
- Year of publication:
2018
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
182-199
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2018.60.11
- PDF:
apsp/60/apsp6011.pdf
Uncertainty is the notion that can be a one-word description of the state of global affairs. Tensions in the world order architecture are symptoms of its ongoing transformation. The purpose of the article is to explore the reasons, manifestations and direction of this change. The prime assumption of the analysis is the regress of the West. NATO as a strategic bridge between two centers of the West – Europe and the United States – is subjected to scientific investigation to examine its possible role in reestablishment of the relative power of the West and regaining its defining capabilities in the world order in statu nascendi. The analysis is supplemented by two scenarios of possible trajectories of world order transformation.
- Author:
Magdalena Biniaś-Szkopek
- Year of publication:
2015
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
15-35
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/hso150202
- PDF:
hso/9/hso902.pdf
- License:
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative
Commons Attribution license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
The paper offers a portray of the Polish state poised in the mid-twelfth century between the East and the West, i.e., Rus, fragmented into principalities, and two mighty powers of medieval Europe, the Holy Roman Empire and the papacy, respectively.
- Author:
Marta Sara Stempień
- Institution:
Siedlce University
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6463-0445
- Year of publication:
2024
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
242-255
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2024.84.14
- PDF:
apsp/84/apsp8414.pdf
Most politically motivated terrorist incidents in the West are now classified as far-right. The growing threat is confirmed by statistics. In 2010, only one far-right terrorist attack was recorded, compared to 49 in 2019. In the past five years, there have been more than 35 far-right terrorist incidents in the West yearly, and over the past two decades, far-right terrorism has been more fatal than far-left terrorism. The aim of this article is to characterise the far-right terrorism in selected countries, by identifying similarities and differences. The following research problem is central to this analysis: in which regions of the West is far-right terrorism becoming a greater threat than Jihadi-oriented terrorism? Research has shown that despite the low level of casualties caused by far-right terrorists compared to those caused by jihadists, in some regions, the number of fatal far-right attacks has increased by 250% since 2014.
- Author:
Walenty Baluk
- E-mail:
walenty.baluk@mail.umcs.pl
- Institution:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3295-4872
- Year of publication:
2024
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
38-52
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/npw20244203
- PDF:
npw/42/npw4203.pdf
Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022–2023/2024. Selected military aspects
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has achieved the opposite of its intended result. Russia has suffered a strategic defeat, losing the battle for Ukraine in 2022. Putin is trying to settle for a half-hearted result – the occupation and annexation of Crimea, Donbas and Kherson and Zaporizhia regions. The West has shown an attitude of unity and solidarity with Ukraine, providing major military, economic and humanitarian support. The U.S., Britain, Germany, Poland and the Baltic states have played a major role in this process. Far-reaching economic sanctions have been imposed against Russia and the settlement of war crimes has been announced. Overcoming many internal problems, Ukraine has united in the face of an invasion and existential threat from Russia. Putin’s pursuit of a solution to the “Ukrainian question” has accelerated the consolidation of the Ukrainian people and state. By resisting aggression, Ukraine has convinced Western governments and societies of its commitment to European values and the Euro-Atlantic security system. Firm and swift action in retrofitting Ukraine’s Armed Forces with the necessary equipment and ammunition will allow a definitive solution to Russia’s imperial inclinations.