- Author:
Abdullah Metin Durmuş
- Institution:
Başkent University (Turkey)
- Year of publication:
2019
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
11-35
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2019101
- PDF:
ppsy/48-1/ppsy2019101.pdf
This article is based on the idea that it is necessary to develop a quantitative method to calculate power of international actors, which will enable scholars to analyse international conflicts. The Global Potential Power Distribution Chart, which is calculated based on three main characteristics of international actors, namely population, territory and economic power, shows “potential power of states and international organisations”. It may be called “Durmuş Scale of Power (DSoP)”. The chart is a comprehensive indicator with considerable accuracy and 100 % objectivity. In this article, potential powers of international actors have been calculated for years 1987, 2004 and 2015, which gives a clear overview of the potential power distribution (balance of power) of the World regarding states and as well as international organisations. Potential military powers of some states and international organisation in year 2015 have also been calculated. This research proves by means of a contemporary approach applied and a quantitative method developed that, the World is multipolar since 2004, and China is, potentially, the most powerful state of the World since 2015. The method introduced in this article were sufficient enough to explain the effects of the enlargement of NATO and EU, EU after BREXIT, reform of the Security Council of the United Nations and instrumental enough to provide a peaceful understanding for the self-determination issue of Kosova. There are three conclusions to this research: 1) The method “Durmuş Scale of Power” is calculated is reliable because everybody with a scientific calculator or a computer can easily calculate potential power of a state provided that he or she has reliable data for territory, population and GDP. 2) “Global Potential Power Distribution Chart” is a comprehensive Chart which shows “balance of power” at a specific year. It enables us to compare power of states and international organisations in different years. 3) It is convenient to use “Durmuş Scale of Power” while analysing issues of international relations.
- Author:
Joanna Stepaniuk
- Institution:
Uniwersytet Warszawski
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4724-7687
- Year of publication:
2021
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
179-190
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.5604/cip202110
- PDF:
cip/19/cip1910.pdf
Problematyka tekstu konkluduje wokół zagadnienia przemocy, którego źródła należy dopatrywać się w tekście „Przyczynek do krytyki przemocy” autorstwa Waltera Benjamina. Przedmiotem refleksji są różne formy przemocy ustanawiającej prawo, jak i przemocy podtrzymującej prawo, a także ich związku z wolnymi od przemocy środkami, a więc „czystymi środkami”. Takie podejście pozwala na krytyczną analizę zależności istniejącej między jednostką (człowiekiem), a funkcjonowaniem instytucji (państwa, władzy) opartej na określonych regulacjach prawnych. Tekst zachęca do zastanowienia się nad tym: czy przemoc rozumiana jako zasadna może być moralna? i czy wszelka przemoc jest środkiem do sprawiedliwego czy też niesprawiedliwego celu? Wydaje się, że część końcowa tekstu poprzez różnicowanie rodzajów przemocy, dzieląc ją na boską, mityczną, wychowawczą, pozwala odpowiedzieć na te dwa kluczowe, przedstawione wcześniej pytania.
- Author:
Kunle O. Oloruntegbe
- Institution:
Adekunle Ajasin University, AkungbaAkoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Author:
Gazi Mahabubul Alam
- Institution:
Univeristy of Malaysia, University of Malaya
- Author:
Sharifah N.A. Syed Zamri
- Institution:
Univeristy of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Year of publication:
2013
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
86-93
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/tner.13.31.1.07
- PDF:
tner/201301/tner3107.pdf
Issues and controversies are part of student variables and characteristics in science learning. Not many teachers are prepared for the kinds of challenges that are capable of engendering new ideas and innovations when they occur in the science classroom. This study investigated the nature of conflicts that are generated in the science classroom. One hundred and four lessons taught by 15 pre-service science teachers in a few Nigerian secondary schools were analyzed. Fifteen negative conflicts were documented. The analysis of the responses to the questionnaire administered to another sample of 220 in-service science teachers not only confirmed the extent and gave the frequency of occurrences of these negative conflicts, but ranked students’ poor home background the highest cause of them. Good methods of teaching, adequately equipped laboratories, provision of an appropriate stimulating environment and training were ranked highest among the remedial strategies suggested by the respondents in tackling conflicts and controversies in the classrooms. Those useful but predictable findings are part of teachers’ customary narratives. For that reason, this study sought to constitute those surface experiences afresh and at deep level perceptions and resolve the conflicts through engaging students in out-of-school activities like visits to a science museum and community exposure.
- Author:
Okoli Theresa Omang
- E-mail:
Abuja.tokoli@noun.edu.ng
- Institution:
National Open University of Nigeria
- Author:
Shaibu Moses Etila
- E-mail:
mshaibu@noun.edu.ng
- Institution:
National Open University of Nigeria
- Year of publication:
2024
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
98-116
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024306
- PDF:
rop/29/rop2906.pdf
Nigerian society has long embedded traditional conflict resolution mechanisms, reflecting diverse cultural norms and values. However, the advent of modernity has introduced complexities that intersect with traditional practices, presenting both challenges and opportunities for conflict resolution. This study explored the evolving dynamics of traditional conflict resolution in Nigeria within the context of modernity. Through a comprehensive analysis of literature and expert insights, the study examines the challenges faced by traditional conflict resolution systems in adapting to the demands of contemporary society. These challenges include issues such as urbanisation, globalisation, legal pluralism, and technological advancements, which often strain the efficacy and relevance of traditional approaches. Despite these challenges, the research identifies significant opportunities inherent in navigating modernity within traditional conflict resolution frameworks. These opportunities encompass the adaptability of traditional practices to modern contexts, the preservation of cultural heritage, intergenerational knowledge transfer, and the potential for innovation through hybridization with modern approaches. By embracing these opportunities, traditional conflict resolution systems in Nigeria can not only address contemporary conflicts effectively but also contribute to the preservation of cultural identity and social cohesion. Through a nuanced exploration of challenges and opportunities, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the intricate dynamics shaping traditional conflict resolution in Nigeria. By recognising and leveraging the potential synergies between tradition and modernity, stakeholders can foster more inclusive, resilient, and sustainable approaches to conflict resolution in the Nigerian context.