The agreement regulating the Caspian Sea status – genesis and meaning

The aim of the article is to analyze the regulations around status of the Caspian Sea, especially considering the agreement signed in August 2018. The ongoing dispute between countries bordering the Caspian Sea is important because the sea is of great economic value, in particular due to the exploitation of the energy resources. The agreement is a significant step forward, although it does not solve all the problems. It is important to define rules for laying pipelines on the seabed to enable implementation of significant investments.

Disputes are inherent in social relations, so the role of the legislator is to introduce rules under which they can be resolved. The methods that make it possible to resolve them include ADR methods. Mediation as an alternative form of dispute resolution has been known since antiquity, nowadays its precursor is the United States of America, where at the turn of the 1970s and 1980s alternative methods of conflict resolution were developed. Mediation, next to bargaining and social arbitration, is one of the peaceful methods of solving collective labour disputes. It should be stressed that as a peaceful method of resolving collective disputes, it can be treated as one of the instruments of social dialogue. Dialogue is an inmamental feature of dispute resolution regardless of its typology, and in the case of collective disputes it can be a guarantor of the preservation of social peace. Hence, it is very important to create a legal framework and introduce instruments to increase its effectiveness.